Vocabulary, 17/ 03/ 2020

1). Raffish (adjective)

Meaning: not following usual social standards of behaviour or appearance, especially in a careless and attractive way/ जो आकर्षक किन्तु लापरवाही से भरा तथा समाज या चलन से हटकर हो 

Synonyms: rakish, jaunty, dapper, dashing, sporty, flashy; unconventional

Usage: His cosmopolitan, raffish air.

2). Vituperate (verb)

Meaning: blame or insult (someone) in strong or violent language/ बुरी तरह से आरोप लगाना या अपमान करना/ किसी के खिलाफ नकारात्मक प्रचार करना 

Synonyms: revile, rail against, inveigh against, fulminate against

Usage: He vituperated against all presidents with equal

gusto.

3). Diffidence (noun)

Meaning: lack of self-confidence/ आत्मविश्वास न होना 

Synonyms: shyness, bashfulness,

unassertiveness, modesty, modestness

Usage: He regretted his diffidence and awkwardness

in large groups.

4). Fulminate (verb)

Meaning: express vehement protest/ बुरी तरह से आलोचना या विरोध करना 

Synonyms: protest, rail, rage, rant, thunder,

storm, declaim, inveigh

Usage: Ministers and preachers fulminated against the

new curriculum.

5). Assay (noun)

Meaning: determine the content or quality/ गुणवत्ता निर्धारित करना 

Synonyms: evaluation, assessment, analysis, examination, test

Usage: New plate was taxed when it was brought for

assay.

6). Turbid (adjective)

Meaning: (of a liquid) not transparent because a lot of small pieces of matter are held in it:/ जो अंदर मौजूद चीज़ों की वजह से अपारदर्शी हो 

Synonyms: murky, muddy, thick; opaque, cloudy

Usage: The turbid waters of the river.

7). Erudite (adjective)

Meaning: having or showing great knowledge

or learning./ ज्ञानी 

Synonyms: learned, scholarly, well

educated, knowledgeable

Usage: He was so erudite that only men who were his equals in scholarship could understand him.

8). Saturnine (adjective)

Meaning: (of a person or their manner) gloomy.

Synonyms: sombre, melancholy, melancholic, moody/ उदासी/ गंभीरता से भरा 

Usage: He was a rather saturnine individual who never spoke an unnecessary word.

9). Abeyance (noun)

Meaning: a state of temporary disuse or suspension./ कुछ समय के लिए निष्क्रिय होना

Synonyms: suspension, a state of suspension, a state of dormancy, a state of latency, a state of uncertainty

Usage: The project was left in abeyance for the time being.

10). Diaphanous (adjective)

Meaning: (especially of fabric) light, delicate, and translucent./ हल्का, नाजुक, अर्धपारदर्शी 

Synonyms: sheer, fine, ultra-fine, delicate, light, lightweight, thin

Usage: She wore a diaphanous dress of pale gold.

Note- Though the aforementioned words in a particular category are synonymous, there are subtle differences between the contexts and usages of any two words mentioned in the same category. Consult a good dictionary to know them!